Gamtai draugiška technologija – tiesioginė ir juostinė sėja – ne tik tausoja dirvožemį, bet ir padeda taupyti laiką bei pinigus. Sėkmingai savo šeimos ūkyje bearimę technologiją įvaldęs Kupiškio rajono ūkininkas Aleksandras Kireilis sukaupta patirtimi dalijosi ir su Lauko dienoje dalyvavusiais žemdirbiais bei Žemės ūkio ministerijos atstovais.
Lauko dienoje apsilankiusieji ne tik išgirdo gerosios praktikos patarimų, bet ir apžiūrėjo ūkininko pasėlius, kuriuose auginami javai ir žieminiai rapsai. Čia pat, laukuose, pademonstruota ir bearimei žemdirbystei reikalinga technika. Dalyviai galėjo susipažinti su juostinės ir tiesioginės sėjos technologijomis, įvertinti minėtų technologijų skirtumus laukuose, aptarti jų privalumus ir galimus trūkumus, diskutuoti apie tvaraus ūkininkavimo sprendimus.
Anot Naiviuose daugiau nei dešimtmetį be tradicinio plūgo ūkininkaujančio A. Kireilio, įdėtos pastangos atsiperka – žemė atsilygina ne tik gerais derliais, sveikesniu dirvožemiu, bet ir sumažėjusiomis trąšų, augalų apsaugos produktų ir degalų sąnaudomis.
Motyvacija pereiti prie bearimės žemdirbystės
Bearimių technologijų naudą pabrėžia ir mokslininkai. Pristatydamas Lietuvoje bearimių technologijų atliekamų ilgalaikių tyrimų rezultatus, Vytauto Didžiojo universiteto ŽŪA profesorius Vaclovas Bogužas pažymėjo, kad tausojančių (tiesioginės ar juostinės sėjos) technologijų taikymas užtikrina didesnį darbo našumą ir sumažina ūkininko darbo laiko sąnaudas, o dirvožemio gyvybingumas ir jo gebėjimai įveikti patogeninius mikroorganizmus neginčijamai išauga.
Taikant bearimes technologijas yra būtina įvaldyti daugiarūšę sėjomainą, labai svarbu nesuslėgti dirvos (nevažiuoti į įmirkusį lauką) ir nesistengti purenti dirvožemio giliau nei 10 centimetrų. Atliktų tyrimų metu, analizuotu 2016-2021 m. laikotarpiu, pelnas tiesioginės sėjos atveju buvo apie 75 proc. didesnis nei taikant ariamąjį žemės dirbimą (pvz., auginant žieminius kviečius pelnas, taikant tiesioginę sėją, buvo 40 proc. didesnis, o auginant vasarinius miežius pelnas padidėjo daugiau kaip 2 kartus).
Profesorius akcentavo, kad visa organinė medžiaga, kuri lieka po derliaus nuėmimo ar papildomai paskleidžiama, turi likti dirvos paviršiniame sluoksnyje (iki 10 cm).
„Išpildžius šią sąlygą organikos kiekis daugėja ne tik dirvos paviršiniame sluoksnyje, bet ir jos gilesniuosiuose sluoksniuose, o svarbiausia – sudaromos palankios sąlygos biologinei įvairovei dirvoje vystytis ir užtikrinamas drėgmės prieinamumas kultūriniams augalams“, – lauko dienoje kalbėjo profesorius.
Pagalba tvaraus ūkininkavimo vystymui
2021 m. Europos Komisija patvirtino 8 mln. eurų paramą neariamosios žemdirbystės plėtrai Lietuvoje iš Modernizavimo fondo. Iki 2023 m. rugsėjo pabaigos pateiktose paraiškose prašoma kompensacinės paramos suma sudarė beveik 4 mln. eurų.
Bearimės technologijos yra skatinamos ne tik per Modernizavimo fondą. Taikantys bearimę technologiją ūkininkai nuo 2023 m. pradžios gauna ir 66 eurų papildomą priemoką už žemės ūkio augalų pasėlius pagal Lietuvos žemės ūkio ir kaimo plėtros 2023–2027 m. strateginio plano „Veiklos ariamojoje žemėje – Neariamosios, tausojamosios žemdirbystės technologijos“ ekologinę sistemą.

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