Danijos ūkiai pagrįstai laikomi vienais inovatyviausių pasaulyje. Keliuose jų apsilankęs žemės ūkio viceministras Egidijus Giedraitis kartu su Žemės ūkio ministerijos, „Ekoagros“, ūkininkų bei jų atstovais domėjosi, kaip danų ūkininkai dirba, kaip realizuoja savo auginamą produkciją.
Ekologiniai plotai šiemet Danijoje užima 11,5 proc. visos žemės ūkio žemės. Didžiąją dalį ekologinės produkcijos sudaro daržovės, kiaušiniai, pienas.
2022 metais ekologiško pieno gamyba Danijoje siekė 728 mln. kg – 13 proc. visos pieno produkcijos. Ekologiško pieno mažmeninės prekybos rinkos dalis siekė 36,6 proc. vertės. Tai yra didžiausia rinkos dalis pasaulyje. Apie tai, kaip danų ūkininkams sekasi išlaikyti tokias aukštas pozicijas, žemės ūkio viceministras E. Giedraitis kalbėjosi su ekologinio pieno ūkio savininku.
Ekologiniame 400 ha pieno ūkyje apsilankiusi delegacija iš Lietuvos pamatė, kaip išmaniai valdomas ūkis ne tik neša naudą žemdirbiui, bet ir prisideda prie aplinkos tausojimo.
Čia daug dėmesio skiriama bandos atnaujinimui, jos produktyvumo išlaikymui. Viena šio ūkininko holšteinų veislės karvė per metus duoda net 11,5 t pieno. Tam, kad darbai vyktų efektyviau, ūkininkas kooperuojasi su keturiais kaimynais: dalijasi technika, keičiasi laukais, laisto pievas srutomis, dalinasi derliumi (žole, kaip pašaru) ir pan.
Daug dėmesio kokybei, gero vardo išsaugojimui, jaunos kartos švietimui bei ūkio efektyvumui skiria ir kito aplankyto ūkio savininkas. Augalininkystės ūkyje ne tik auginamos bulvės ir kviečiai, bet ir stovi nuosavas malūnas, kuriame mala stambiagrūdžius miltus, gamina įvairius mišinius. Čia taip pat auginami linai, kurie atlieka savotišką dezinfekcijos funkciją. Baltųjų dobilų sėklas ūkininkas sėja vis kituose laukuose, taip kaupdamas, didindamas juose azoto kiekį ir išvengdamas cheminių trąšų poreikio.
Šį ūkį valdo jau antra karta, kuri itin brangina gerą ūkio vardą. Pasak ūkininko, jis drąsiai gali pasirašyti ant kiekvieno parduodamo miltų maišelio – tokia svarbi yra produkcijos kokybė. Du ūkininko sūnūs taip pat darbuojasi ūkyje, vienas užsiima produkcijos auginimu, kitas – prekyba. Savo produkciją jie parduoda mokykloms, darželiams, ligoninėms, kitoms mažmeninėms įmonėms, maitinimo įstaigoms.
Tam, kad 1100 ha siekiantys pasėliai neštų naudą, būtų derlingi, ūkininkas labai rūpinasi savo turimomis žemėmis. Taip pat daug dėmesio skiriama ir kitiems tvarumo aspektams. Ūkyje įdiegta daug išmanios energijos šaltinių, saulės jėgainė.
„Akivaizdu, kad ekologinis ūkininkavimas šioje šalyje yra paklausus ir net turi potencialo augti. Čia sutikti ūkininkai kupini idėjų ir neapsiriboja vien gamyba – jie randa trumpiausią kelią pas vartotojus, kurie labai pasitiki jų gaminama produkcija. Tad turime į ką lygiuotis ir iš ko imti pavyzdį“, – sako žemės ūkio viceministras.
Visi Danijos ekologiniai ūkiai tikrinami ne rečiau kaip kartą per metus, be to, atliekami rizika pagrįsti patikrinimai. Danijos vartotojai labai pasitiki valstybine ekologiškos produkcijos sertifikavimo sistema, o ekologinio ūkininkavimo taisyklės Danijoje yra tokios pačios kaip kitose ES valstybėse narėse ir net griežtesnės.
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