Tęsiami plačiažnyplių vėžių (Astacus astacus L) išteklių atkūrimo Lietuvos vandens telkiniuose darbai. Praėjusiais metais Žuvininkystės tarnybai prie Žemės ūkio ministerijos pavyko dirbtiniu būdu išveisti ir į Veprio ežerą (Zarasų raj.) išleisti 2 tūkst. vėžiukų, o šiais metais, sėkmingai paauginus plačiažnyplių vėžių jauniklius, ežerai praturtinti dvigubai didesniu kiekiu – 3,9 tūkst. vėžių šiųmetukų.
Plačiažnyplių vėžių aptinkama beveik visoje Europoje, tačiau jų populiacijų skaičius sparčiai mažėja. Lietuvoje daugiausia žinomų populiacijų yra Šiaurės Rytų ir Rytų Lietuvoje. Atskirų populiacijų pasitaiko beveik visoje šalyje. Siekiant apsaugoti plačiažnyplių vėžių išteklius, ši rūšis įtraukta į Lietuvos raudonąją knygą ir Lietuvos Respublikos saugomų gyvūnų, augalų ir grybų rūšių sąrašą.
2010–2022 m. Žuvininkystės tarnyba į šalies ežerus paleido beveik 66 tūkst. plačiažnyplių vėžių. Tikimasi, kad tai paspartins vienų vertingiausių gėlųjų vandenų bestuburių gyvūnų išteklių atkūrimo ir gausinimo Lietuvoje procesus.
Apie plačiažnyplį vėžį
Plačiažnyplis vėžys gali užaugti iki 20 cm ilgio ir sverti iki 300–350 g. Plačiažnyplių vėžių kūno spalva net ir tame pačiame vandens telkinyje gali būti įvairi – tamsiai ruda, pilka, rausva, tamsiai raudona, pilkai žalsva ar mėlyna, apatinė žnyplių pusė dažniausiai būna ryškiai raudona. Dažniausiai gyvena įvairaus tipo skaidriuose ežeruose, tačiau jų aptinkama ir upėse bei tvenkiniuose.
Įprastai plačiažnypliai vėžiai aktyvūs naktį. Slepiasi natūraliose slėptuvėse (po akmenimis, nuvirtusiais medžiais, augalų šaknimis) ar savo išraustuose urvuose. Poruojasi rudenį, kai vandens temperatūra nukrinta iki 5–6 °C, po septynių–keturiolikos dienų patelės išleidžia ikrus, kuriuos priklijuoja prie pleopodų ir nešioja juos iki birželio mėn.
Pirmaisiais gyvenimo metais plačiažnypliai vėžiai neriasi iki šešių kartų, vėliau vieną arba du kartus per metus. Po išsinėrimo vėžių kiautas būna minkštas ir tuo metu jie yra pažeidžiamiausi. Tokie vėžiai tampa ypač lengvu grobiu unguriams, kurie sugeba juos sumedžioti ir slėptuvėse.
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