Šiemet sukanka 20 metų, kai Lietuvoje pradėta įgyvendinti LEADER iniciatyva, skatinanti užimtumą, socialinę įtrauktį, vietos plėtrą kaimo vietovėse. Metams baigiantis Žemės ūkio ministerijos (ŽŪM) surengtoje konferencijoje „LEADER strategijos. Pradžia“ sėkmės istorijomis dalijosi LEADER pradininkai, perspektyvas aptarė Europos Komisijos ekspertai, ministerijos, Lietuvos kaimo tinklo atstovai. Renginio metu vyko LEADER projektų mugė, už indėlį ir aktyvų įsitraukimą į vietos veiklos grupių (VVG) tinklo veiklas pagerbti buvę šio tinklo pirmininkai.
LEADER pradžia
LEADER iniciatyva yra privaloma visų Europos Sąjungos šalių kaimo plėtros programų dalis. Jos įgyvendinimo principas yra „iš apačios į viršų“ – kaimo bendruomenės lyderės VVG pačios inicijuoja permainas kaimo vietovėse.
„Europoje LEADER gyvuoja jau 30 metų, o Lietuvoje – 20. Žmonių entuziazmas ir idėjų įvairovė buvo begalinė – patys augom ir auginom LEADER idėją“, – sakė prie lietuviškosios LEADER ištakų stovėjusi ŽŪM ES reikalų ir paramos politikos departamento direktorė Jurgita Stakėnienė.
Pagal LEADER programą finansinė parama skiriama VVG parengtoms vietos plėtros strategijoms, atstovaujančioms tam tikrai teritorijai, pavyzdžiui, savivaldybei ar apskričiai, ir apjungiančiai socialinius partnerius. Patys VVG atstovai su šypsena prisiminė, kaip jiems buvo baisu kurti „trigalvį slibiną“: VVG turėjo veikti trijų sektorių – bendruomenės, verslo ir vietos valdžios – partnerystės principu. VVG telkė kaimo gyventojus, ugdė jų gebėjimus veikti kartu bei stiprino pasitikėjimą savo jėgomis, skatino vietos iniciatyvas. VVG parengtos ir įgyvendintos vietos plėtros strategijos atspindi realią kaimo padėtį ir gyventojų lūkesčius.
Šiandien Lietuvoje iš viso yra sukurtos 49 „sėkmės istorijos“ – 49 VVG, kurios savo pridėtinę vertę, pasak Kauno rajono VVG pirmininkės Kristinos Švedaitės, matuoja dalyvių šypsenomis.
Pirmasis LEADER etapas Lietuvoje buvo įgyvendintas 2000–2006 m. Kaimo infrastruktūrą nutarta kurti 2007–2013 m. „LEADER metodo“ metu. Lietuvos kaimo plėtros 2014–2020 m. programos priemonė „LEADER programa“ buvo orientuota verslą, t. y. į darbo vietų ir įmonių kūrimą, verslumą.
Tikslas – kurti gyvybingą kaimą
O štai 2023–2027 m. Žemės ūkio ministerija pritaikė kitą LEADER principą – kiekviena vietos veiklos grupė galėjo apsispręsti, kas jos teritorijai yra svarbiausia, ką akcentuoti kuriant vietos plėtos strategiją.
LEADER priemonei šiam programiniam laikotarpiui numatyta skirti beveik 76,08 mln. Eur. Vidutinė vienos strategijos suma yra ~ 1,5 mln. Eur. Maksimali galima paramos suma vienam vietos projektui – iki 200 tūkst. Eur.
„LEADER priemonė turi svarbų tikslą – kurti gyvybingas kaimo vietoves. Labai aktualus ir ekonominis aspektas, regionų socialinės atskirties mažinimas. Taip pat tikimės, kad vietos veiklos grupės skatins ne tik vietos iniciatyvas, bet ir kurs partnerystes su kaimyninėmis vietos veiklos grupėmis“, – sakė žemės ūkio ministras Kęstutis Navickas.
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