2024-03-12
Praėjusiais metais gyvūninės produkcijos eksportas iš Lietuvos į trečiąsias šalis augo beveik penktadaliu, šviežios mėsos eksportas iš Lietuvos padidėjo 15 proc. Labiausiai išsiskyrė jautienos eksporto pokyčiai – į trečiąsias šalis šios mėsos išvežta gerokai daugiau, nors kiaulienos eksportas ženkliai sumažėjo.
Valstybinės maisto ir veterinarijos tarnybos duomenimis, daugiau kaip trečdalis visos eksportuotos šviežios mėsos – jautiena, kurios eksportas per metus padidėjo net 5 kartus iki 5,7 tūkst. tonų. Pernai daugiausia lietuviškos jautienos importavo Ukraina ir Norvegija. Palyginti su 2022 m., pernai į Ukrainą jautienos išvežta beveik 5 kartus daugiau. Šoktelėjo ir eksportas į Japoniją, kur jautienos pernai išvežta beveik 2 kartus daugiau nei 2022 metais.
Kol didėjo jautienos eksportas, kiaulienos ir paukštienos išvežimas iš šalies mažėjo. Kiaulienos eksportas 2023 metais sumažėjo net 90 proc., greičiausiai tai nulėmė itin didelis eksporto į Dramblio Kaulo Krantą sumažėjimas bei taikomi apribojimai dėl afrikinio kiaulių maro atvejų. Paukštienos eksporto pokytis ne toks drastiškas – 2023 metais eksportuota 8,7 tūkst. tonų vietoje 10 tūkst. tonų 2022 metais. Manoma, kad tokias tendencijas galėjo nulemti praėjusių metų pabaigoje komerciniame kalakutų ūkyje nustatytas labai patogeniško paukščių gripo protrūkis. Daugiausia paukštienos Lietuvos įmonės pernai eksportavo į Vietnamą, Kirgiziją ir Uzbekistaną.
Praėjusiais metais ženkliai išaugo kiaušinių, kiaušinių gaminių ir kiaušinių masės eksportas. Kiaušinių gaminių eksportas išaugo beveik 70 proc. Pačių kiaušinių eksportas 2022 metais nevykdytas, o 2023 metais – 48 tonos. Pagrindinė kiaušinių gaminių eksporto rinka 2023 m. buvo Japonija, į ją išvežta beveik visa eksportui skirta produkcija.
2023 metais ketvirtadaliu išaugo žuvies ir jos gaminių eksportas, beveik 30 proc. padidėjo žuvų konservų išvežimas. Pagrindine šios produkcijos importuotoja išlieka Ukraina.
Pieno produktų eksporto tendencijos pernai beveik nepakito – pieno produktų eksportas padidėjo 3 proc. Kaip ir 2022 metais, taip ir pernai populiariausi eksportuoti pieno produktai buvo sūriai ir maistiniai pieno miltai. Daugiausia pieno produktų 2023 m. buvo išvežta į Saudo Arabiją, Vietnamą, Izraelį, ženkliai augo ir pieno produktų išvežimas į Indiją. Tam greičiausiai įtakos turėjo atnaujintas eksporto sertifikatas pieno gaminiams į šią šalį.
Ženkliai mažėjo ne tik kiaulienos eksportas. Beveik per pusę smuko ir kulinarijos gaminių eksportas – jų išvežta iš šalies 450 tonų. Taip pat sumažėjo jogurto (beveik 30 proc. mažėjimas), sraigių (22 proc. mažėjimas), pieno (17 proc. mažėjimas) eksportas.
Palyginti 3 pastarųjų metų gyvūninių maisto produktų eksportą į trečiąsias šalis pastebimas 14 proc. kritimas 2022 metų pradžioje. Tuomet Rusijos pradėti kariniai veiksmai Ukrainoje sutrikdė tiekimo grandines, ženkliai krito žuvies gaminių eksportas iš Lietuvos, visuomet sudarantis vienus didžiausių išvežamų gyvūninio maisto produktų kiekių. 2021 m. pabaigoje (III – IV ketv.) žuvies gaminių išvežimai buvo stabilūs, išgabenta daugiau kaip 143 tūkst. t, o tik prasidėjus 2022 m. (I ketv.) eksportas nukrito iki 117 tūkst. t. Tiekimo grandinėms kiek atsigavus, palyginti tą patį laikotarpį (2023 m. I ketv.) eksportas grįžo į prieš dvejus metus buvusias apimtis, žuvies išgabenta daugiau kaip 139 tūkst. t.
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