Siekdama mažinti savižudybių ir mėginimų žudytis atvejų skaičių ir su tuo susijusius neigiamus padarinius, Sveikatos apsaugos ministerija (SAM) patvirtino Savižudybių prevencijos koordinavimo savivaldybėse tvarkos aprašą. Šis dokumentas padės efektyviau planuoti ir vykdyti savižudybių prevenciją savivaldybės lygmeniu, operatyviau reaguoti, nutikus savižudybei ar mėginimo žudytis atveju.
Sveikatos apsaugos ministras Arūnas Dulkys teigia, kad bendradarbiavimas su savivaldybėmis yra itin svarbus didinant psichologinės pagalbos prieinamumą gyventojams bei mažinant savižudybių skaičių Lietuvoje.
„Gelbėjant gyvybes pastangų niekada nebūna per mažai. Pagaliau sukurtas nuoseklus ir veiksmingas modelis, kaip valstybė kartu su savivaldybėmis koordinuos savo veiksmus mažinant savižudybių skaičių. Bendradarbiavimas apims visas esmines savižudybių prevencijos dalis – koordinavimą, šviečiamąją veiklą, psichologinių paslaugų prieinamumą ir pagalbą nusižudžiusio asmens artimiesiems. Tikiu, kad atsakomybių aiškumas ir bendras veikimas prisidės išsaugant gyvybes“, – teigia ministras.
„Nors pastarąjį dešimtmetį savižudybių rodiklis rodo nuoseklią mažėjimo tendenciją, problema išlieka reikšminga. Nuo 2013 iki 2022 m. savižudybių skaičius sumažėjo apie 50 proc., bet 2022 m. užfiksuoti 527 savižudybių atvejai yra signalas, kad savižudybių prevencijos pastangos turi būti ne tik tęstinės, bet ir nuolat tobulinamos. Mūsų gyvenimas yra dinamiškas ir kintantis, todėl svarbu nuolat prisitaikyti prie naujų iššūkių ir rizikos veiksnių. Metodinis vadovavimas savižudybių prevencijai yra vienas iš esminių veiksnių, siekiant sistemingai ir efektyviai spręsti šią visuomenės sveikatos problemą“, – teigia Higienos instituto direktorius Šarūnas Alasauskas.
Vadovaujantis nauju tvarkos aprašu, kiekviena savivaldybė bus skatinama patvirtinti algoritmą, kaip ir kokios institucijos turėtų reaguoti gavusios informaciją apie savižudybės grėsmę, bei paskirti savižudybių prevencijos koordinatorių. Savivaldybei nusprendus įsteigti koordinatoriaus pareigybę visuomenės sveikatos biure, SAM skirs jai išlaikyti reikalingas lėšas. Koordinatorius užtikrins savivaldybės ir skirtingų savivaldybės bei valstybės institucijų, gydymo įstaigų, nevyriausybinių organizacijų bendradarbiavimą savižudybių prevencijos ir pagalbos teikimo klausimais.
Koordinatoriaus funkcijos taip pat apims reagavimą į savižudybių ir mėginimų žudytis atvejus, pagalbos organizavimą įvykus nelaimei ir visuomenės švietimą – informacinių renginių, diskusijų organizavimą, informacijos sklaidą žiniasklaidoje, socialiniuose tinkluose ir pan.
Savižudybių prevencijos koordinatorių darbui vadovaus ir reikalingą informaciją bei metodinę medžiagą teiks Higienos institutas. Gavęs metines ataskaitas iš visuomenės sveikatos biurų, institutas rengs apibendrintą ataskaitą apie savižudybes Lietuvoje.
Savižudybių prevencijos koordinavimo savivaldybėse tvarkos aprašą galima rasti ČIA.
SAM Komunikacijos skyrius
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