Besitęsianti pieno sektoriaus krizė ir Ukrainos grūdų tranzito klausimai buvo vieni svarbiausių Lietuvai Europos Sąjungos žemės ūkio ir žuvininkystės ministrų taryboje, vykusioje Liuksemburge.
Taryboje Lietuvos žemės ūkio viceministras Vytautas Abukauskas ir Latvijos žemės ūkio ministras Didzis Šmits dar kartą kreipėsi į Europos žemės ūkio komisarą Janusz Wojciechowski, akcentuodami negerėjančią situaciją pieno sektoriuje ir primindami prašymą dėl ES finansinės paramos šalių pieno gamintojams.
„Pieno supirkimo kainos mūsų šalyse tebėra itin žemame lygyje, jos yra pačios žemiausios visoje ES. Gamybos kaštai ir toliau išlieka dideli. Daugeliui ūkių pieno supirkimo kaina nepadengia gamybos sąnaudų. Ypač sudėtinga smulkių, šeimos ūkių situacija. Atsigavimo ženklų nematome ir eksporto rinkose. O tai Lietuvai, eksportuojančiai didžiąją dalį pagaminto pieno, yra tikrai svarbus veiksnys“, – sudėtingą padėtį pieno sektoriuje pristatė viceministras V. Abukauskas.
Lietuva deda visas galimas pastangas, kad padėtų sektoriui šiuo itin sunkiu metu ir jį sustiprintų. Tačiau viceministras pabrėžė, kad tokių priemonių, kaip kooperacijos skatinimas, ūkininkų derybinių galių maisto grandinėje stiprinimas, taip pat geresnis rizikos valdymas, poveikio reikės palaukti, o ES finansinės paramos mūsų pieno gamintojams reikia jau dabar. Estijos atstovas atkreipė dėmesį, kad šalyje taip pat stebimas pieno supirkimo kainų kritimas.
Tarybos posėdyje kitų šalių ministrai minėjo jų ūkininkų patiriamas problemas, daugiausia susijusias su importo iš Ukrainos ir bendru infliacijos poveikiu, o kai kuriose pietinėse šalyse sunkumų kelia sausra. Europos Komisija (EK) pranešė išsamiai įvertinsianti situaciją įvairiuose sektoriuose visose valstybėse narėse.
Ukrainos grūdų tranzitas turi būti užtikrintas
Ministrai aptarė padėtį rinkose, ypač žemės ūkio produktų importo iš Ukrainos poveikį kaimyninėse valstybėse narėse, ir galimus veiksmus jam sušvelninti.
Valstybės narės ir EK dar kartą patvirtino solidarumą su Ukraina, daugelis akcentavo ES vienybės išlaikymą ir būtinybę vengti vienašališkų sprendimų, taip pat kalbėjo apie Solidarumo koridorių veikimo tobulinimą.
Žemės ūkio viceministras V. Abukauskas ragino realiais veiksmais rodyti tvirtą paramą Ukrainai ir jos žmonėms, išlaikant ES vienybę, ir pabrėžė, kad turi būti užtikrintas Ukrainos grūdų ir kitų produktų tranzitas, o prekybos su Ukraina liberalizavimas pratęstas be apribojimų žemės ūkio ir maisto produktų importui.
„Reikia didinti ES-Ukrainos Solidarumo koridorių efektyvumą ir pralaidumą, užtikrinti tranzitą į trečiąsias šalis. Nuo pat pradžių esame pasirengę prisidėti per Klaipėdos uostą. Ieškodami sprendimų, palengvinančių tranzito organizavimą ir užtikrinančių „žaliąjį koridorių“ Ukrainos maisto produktams, keliaujantiems tranzitu į Klaipėdos uostą, bendradarbiaujame su Lenkijos kolegomis. Tuo pačiu siekiame gerinti infrastruktūrą, kad tai galėtų vykti kuo sklandžiau. Tačiau tam reikalingi sprendimai, kurie leistų ES instrumentais finansuoti infrastruktūros pritaikymą siekiant kuo didesnio Ukrainos grūdų pralaidumo“, – kalbėjo viceministras.
Šalys narės susiduria su Strateginių planų įgyvendinimo iššūkiais
Ministrai taip pat pasidalijo BŽŪP strateginių planų įgyvendinimo patirtimi, kuri atskleidė, kad su panašiais sunkumais ir iššūkiais – sudėtingomis taisyklėmis, laiko stoka, ekologinių sistemų patrauklumo trūkumu, poreikiu keisti strateginius planus – susiduria daugelis ES šalių.
Komisaras J. Wojciechowski pabrėžė, kad strateginiuose planuose atsispindi kiekvienos valstybės narės specifiniams poreikiams spręsti pasirinktų BŽŪP priemonių įvairovė, todėl kvietė atsargiai lyginti konkrečių nacionaliniu lygiu nustatytų taisyklių ambicingumą.
„Pasirengimas Strateginio plano įgyvendinimui parodė, kad, deja, nepriartėjome prie BŽŪP reformos metu žadėto supaprastinimo. Lietuvoje prieš savaitę jau prasidėjo žemės ūkio naudmenų ir pasėlių deklaravimas. Šįkart šis procesas – didelis iššūkis tiek nacionalinėms institucijoms, tiek ūkininkams. Daug pastangų skiriame reikalavimų viešinimui, ūkininkų konsultavimui“, – kalbėjo viceministras, pabrėžęs, kad šie metai patikrins mūsų pasirinkimų tinkamumą ir patrauklumą ūkininkams. Susirūpinimą kelia ir iššūkiai ekologinių sistemų srityje. „Jų įgyvendinimo ir kontrolės sistema valstybėse narėse turi būti taikoma vadovaujantis vienodais principais, aiškiai ir skaidriai“.
Pasirengimas Strateginio plano įgyvendinimui jau atskleidė keitimų poreikį, siekiant sklandesnio žaliųjų tikslų įgyvendinimo ir paprastesnio administravimo. Lietuva atitinkamus pakeitimus artimiausiu metu teiks Europos Komisijai. „Kelia nerimą nelanksti strateginių planų keitimo procedūra, ilgi keitimo terminai. Labai reikalingas lankstus EK požiūris, bendradarbiavimas ir operatyvumas“, – pabrėžė Lietuvos atstovas.
Pagrindiniai siūlomi keitimai susiję su BŽŪP klimato ir aplinkos apsaugos tikslų įgyvendinimu. Kiti planuojami keitimai susiję su sklandesniu Lietuvos Strateginio plano administravimu ir administracinės naštos mažinimu (pvz., platesniu supaprastintų išlaidų apmokėjimo būdo taikymu). Atsižvelgiant į būsimus pakeitimus, bus tikslinama plano intervencijos strategija, finansinis planas, lėšų pasiskirstymas tarp priemonių bei atliekami kiti patikslinimai.
Tarybos posėdyje taip pat buvo aptarti reglamento pasiūlymo dėl anglies dioksido absorbavimo sertifikavimo žemės ūkio ir miškininkystės aspektai, patvirtintos Tarybos išvados dėl bioekonomikos, išklausytas valstybių narių susirūpinimas dėl siūlomo augalų apsaugos produktų naudojimo mažinimo.
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