Švietimo, mokslo ir sporto ministerija rengia ir artimiausiu metu teiks Vyriausybei bei Seimui Švietimo įstatymo pakeitimus, kuriais siūlys nustatyti mokyklų veiklos kriterijus, šiuo metu reglamentuojamus Vyriausybės nutarimu. Tai daroma vykdant praėjusią savaitę priimtą Konstitucinio Teismo sprendimą, kuris įpareigojo mokyklų veiklos kriterijus reglamentuoti Švietimo įstatyme.
Tačiau įvertinus Konstitucinio Teismo sprendimą nėra jokio teisinio pagrindo teigti, kad mokyklų tinklo kūrimo kriterijai pagal savo turinį yra antikonstituciniai, nepagrįsti ir negalimi taikyti.
Konstitucinis Teismas nevertino nė vieno konkretaus Vyriausybės nutarime nustatyto mokyklų tinklo kūrimo kriterijaus teisėtumo, pagrįstumo, tinkamumo, proporcingumo ir pan. Priešingai, jis pažymėjo, kad „Taisyklėse nustatytas teisinis reguliavimas, kuriuo reglamentuojami kriterijai ir (arba) jų reikšmės, nėra šios konstitucinės justicijos bylos tyrimo dalykas“.
Pagal Konstitucinio Teismo nutarimą, Seimas iki 2024 m. sausio 2 d. turi įtvirtinti aiškius mokyklų veiklos kriterijus, o Vyriausybė – įstatymu leidžiamose ribose priimti poįstatyminius teisės aktus, kuriais, kaip yra konstatavęs Konstitucinis Teismas, galės būti detalizuojamos ir sukonkretinamos įstatymo normos, reglamentuojamas jų įgyvendinimas.
Taip pat iš Konstitucinio Teismo nutarimo kyla ir kitas svarbus imperatyvas (reikalavimas) Vyriausybei ir Švietimo, mokslo ir sporto ministerijai: iki tol, kol Seimas ir Vyriausybė priims reikalingus teisės aktus, bet ne vėliau kaip iki 2024 m. sausio 2 d., taikyti visas, taip pat ir šioje byloje nagrinėtas, Švietimo įstatymo ir jį įgyvendinančių teisės aktų nuostatas. Kitu atveju kiltų pasekmės, kurių Konstitucinis Teismas siekė ir įpareigojo išvengti, t.y. savivaldybių mokyklų tinklo formavimo teisinio reguliavimo neapibrėžtumo, galinčio sukelti neigiamus padarinius švietimo prieinamumui, mokinių pasiskirstymo mokyklose tolygumui, mokymo lėšų panaudojimo efektyvumui.
Todėl visi teiginiai, jog šiandien galiojančios nuostatos yra „antikonstitucinės“ ir negali būti taikomos, prasilenkia su minėtu reikalavimu, skatina pažeisti Konstitucinio Teismo nutarime paminėtus interesus, kuriuos šis teismas ir siekė apsaugoti, ir prieštarauja Konstitucinio Teismo įstatyme nustatytiems Konstitucinio teismo įgaliojimams.
Atkreiptinas dėmesys, kad Vyriausybė, kaip ir ankstesnės iki šiol, priėmė sprendimus vadovaudamasi galiojančiais teisės aktais. Mokyklų tinklo taisyklių reglamentavimo principas Vyriausybės nutarimais atsirado dar 2003 m., prieš du dešimtmečius. Vėliau taisyklės įtvirtintos 2011 m. birželio 29 d. nutarime Nr. 768 „Dėl Mokyklų, vykdančių formaliojo švietimo programas, tinklo kūrimo taisyklių patvirtinimo“. Šį nutarimą nuo pat 2011 metų visos Vyriausybės daug kartų koregavo.
Paskutinį kartą tai padaryta 2021 m. gruodžio 22 d. Po šio pakeitimo grupė Seimo narių kreipėsi į Konstitucinį Teismą. Jie prašė išaiškinti, ar esamas reguliavimas, kai mokyklų tinklo kūrimo kriterijus nustato Vyriausybė, o ne Seimas, neprieštarauja Konstitucijos normoms, reguliuojančioms švietimo vykdymą ir apibrėžiančioms savivaldos veikimo principus.
Konstitucinis Teismas prašymą išnagrinėjo ir nustatė, kad įstatymų leidėjas, tai yra Seimas, įstatyme, turi nustatyti kriterijus, pagal kuriuos ugdymo įstaigos gali vykdyti veiklą.
Švietimo įstatymą papildžius kriterijais, kuriuos turi atitikti mokyklos, vykdančios bendrojo ugdymo programas, teisinis reguliavimas atitiks Konstituciją. Tai ir bus siekiama padaryti Seime dar pavasario sesijos metu. Švietimo įstatymo pakeitimo projektas jau yra rengiamas.
Taip pat pažymėtina, kad Tūkstantmečio mokyklų programa yra savarankiškas projektas, kuris turi savo kriterijus suderintus su Europos Komisija, šie kriterijai kaip privaloma projekto sąlyga išlieka ir toliau, nepriklausomai nuo to, kuriame teisės akte mokyklų veiklos kriterijai bus reglamentuoti.
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