Ūkininkai, ieškodami racionaliausių ūkininkavimo sprendimų, vis dažniau vietoje tradicinės arimo praktikos imasi bearimio žemės ūkio kultūrų auginimo. Praeitų metų pasėlių deklaracijose bearimiu būdu auginamų kultūrų plotai viršijo 1,2 mln. ha plotą ir sudarė apie 65 proc. visos dirbamos žemės. Nors bearimis būdas ūkininkauti yra patrauklus savo efektyvumu, tačiau jį įvaldyti yra nepaprasta – reikia sukaupti daug žinių, įgyti naujų įgūdžių ir net pakeisti mąstymą apie ūkininkavimą.
Bearimio ūkininkavimo privalumai ir iššūkiai, laukiantys pradedančiųjų ir panašūs klausimai aptarti Alytaus rajone, Pabaliuose vykusioje lauko dienoje ,,Bearimė žemdirbystė – ūkininko Vytauto Valaičio patirtis taikant tiesioginę sėją Dzūkijoje.“
V. Valaitis ir kiti ilgametės patirties bearimiame ūkininkavime turintys ūkininkai pabrėžė, kad pradėjus taikyti tiesioginę sėją susidūrė su rimtais iššūkiais, didžiausias jų – dirvožemio struktūros ir biologinės įvairovės atkūrimas. Tik po 3-5 metų atkakliai taikant bearimę technologiją pavyko pagerinti dirvožemio struktūrą, sukurti palankesnes sąlygas mikroorganizmams ir dirvožemiui, sumažinti realias gamybos išlaidas ir sutaupyti laiko. Ūkininkaujant bearimiu būdu pirmiausia pastebimi pokyčiai dirvožemyje: dirva geriau absorbuoja vandens perteklių, pagausėja sliekų, pavasarį įžengus į dirvą nebeklimpsta batai.
Lauko dienoje dalinęsis mokslinėmis įžvalgomis VDU Žemės ūkio inžinerijos ir saugos katedros doktorantas Marius Kazlauskas pastebėjo, kad taikant bearimes technologijas pavyksta išvengti vėjo ir vandens erozijos, derlingo dirvožemio sluoksnio išplovimo, pagerėja dirvožemio infiltracinės savybės ir organinė dirvožemio sudėtis. Taip pat pradėjus taikyti tiesioginę ir juostinę sėją mažiau sutankinami dirvožemio sluoksniai, ilgiau išsaugoma drėgmė, dirvoje išsaugomas didesnis sliekų ir jų padaromų kanalėlių skaičius, o paliktose ražienose sukaupiamas didesnis sluoksnis sniego, apsaugantis pasėlius nuo iššalimo. Dėl dirvožemio paviršiuje liekančių augalinių liekanų stabdomas piktžolių dygimas ir augimas. Bearimė tausojamoji žemdirbystė pasižymi daugeliu privalumų lyginant su ariamąja.
Patyrę bearimio ūkininkavimo ūkininkai kaip didžiausią problemą įvardino kenkėjų plitimo kontrolės užtikrinimą. Kovodamas su graužikais ir šliužais V. Valaitis nemažai laiko praleidžia pasėlių laukuose statydamas graužikams masalus, o kovoje su šliužais naudoja specialias granules. Jis taip pat pastebėjo, kad ir pati gamta padeda spręsti minėtą problemą: laukuose dažniau matomos lapės ir plėšrūs paukščiai, kurie medžioja įsiveisusius pasėliuose graužikus, o paskatinant dažniau lankytis plėšriuosius paukščius artimoje ateityje planuoja įrengti stovus paukščiam nutūpti. Ūkininkai, ilgesnį laiką ūkininkaujantys tvariai, pastebi, kad net ir patys augalai formuoja įvairius cheminius junginius (antrinius metabolitus), natūraliai padedančius augalui apsiginti nuo kenkėjų ir ligų, formuojasi palanki biota, kuri naikina patogeninius organizmus dirvožemyje.
Virginijus Beinoras, Lietuvos neariminės tausojamosios žemdirbystės asociacijos tarybos narys, pažymėjo, kad visuomet svarbu išmokti įvertinti iškilusios problemos mastą ilgalaikėje perspektyvoje. Laukinio gyvūno apgraužta augalo dalis ar įsikerojusios piktžolės gali atrodyti rimta problema, tačiau po kurio laiko ateina supratimas, kad minėti veiksniai yra ir savotiški pagalbininkai, kurie ilgalaikėje perspektyvoje padeda išlaikyti vaisingą dirvožemį ir stabilų derlių.
Lauko dienoje kalbėję mokslininkai ir praktikai norintiems taikyti tiesioginę sėją rekomenduoja pirmiausia atlikti savo laukų dirvožemio tyrimus ir pagerinti dirvožemio pH reakciją. Kitas svarbus dalykas – taikyti kiek įmanoma įvairesnę sėjomainą, kad dirvožemyje skirtingų augalų šaknys galėtų prasiskverbti į gilesnius dirvos sluoksnius, padidėtų biologinių medžiagų įvairovė ir pagerėtų natūrali dirvos aeracija.
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