Nuotr. Artūro Žuko Lietuva pagal ketvirtokų skaitymo gebėjimus patenka į sėkmingiausių šalių dešimtuką, rodo šiandien visame pasaulyje skelbiamo tarptautinio skaitymo gebėjimų tyrimo PIRLS (angl. Progress in International Reading Literacy Study) rezultatai. 2021 m. vykusiame tyrime dalyvavo 65 šalys. Lietuvos mokinių pasiekimai šiame tyrime geriausi per du dešimtmečius – nuo tada, kai šalis dalyvauja šiame tyrime.
Lietuvos rezultatai statistiškai reikšmingai aukštesni (552 taškai) už PIRLS skalės vidurkį (500 taškų) ir yra geresni palyginti su PIRLS 2016 rezultatu (548 skalės taškai).
Geriausių rezultatų pasiekė Singapūras (587 taškai), Airija (577 taškai), Honkongas (573 taškai).
Šalia Lietuvos yra Šiaurės Airija (566 taškai), Anglija (558), šiek tiek žemiau – Suomija (549 taškai) ir Lenkija (549 taškai), JAV (548 taškai). Kaimynės Latvijos rezultatas žemesnis – 528 taškai.
Lietuvoje mergaitės (563 taškai) pasiekė statistiškai reikšmingai aukštesnių rezultatų nei berniukai (542 taškai) – skirtumas 21 taškas.
Minimalų pasiekimų lygmenį pasiekė 97 proc. (tarptautinis vidurkis – 94 proc.), vidutinį – 86 proc. (tarptautinis vidurkis – 75 proc.), aukštą – 54 proc. (tarptautinis vidurkis – 36 proc.) ir aukščiausiąjį 14 proc. (tarptautinis vidurkis – 7 proc.) Lietuvos ketvirtokų.
„Lietuvos mokiniai vienodai gerai skaito ir grožinius, ir informacinius tekstus. Grožinių tekstų skaitymo rezultatų vidurkis – 552 taškai, informacinių tekstų skaitymo rezultatų vidurkis – 553 taškai. Lietuvoje nuo 2016 m. informacinių tekstų skaitymo vidurkis toks pats – 553 taškai, grožinių – 3 taškais padidėjo“, – pristatydama tyrimą sakė Tarptautinės švietimo pasiekimų vertinimo asociacijos (IEA) Generalinės asamblėjos narė dr. Rita Dukynaitė.
Mokinių rezultatams įtakos turi ne tik mokykla, bet ir jų šeimų aplinka. Lietuvoje 37 proc. tėvų nurodė mėgstantys skaityti, 16 proc. – nemėgsta. Atitinkamai skyrėsi jų vaikų rezultatai: 589 ir 544 taškai.
Kaip ir anksčiau, pasiekimai pagal vietovę, kurioje yra mokykla, išlieka panašūs: aukščiausių rezultatų pasiekiama Vilniaus ir kitų didžiųjų miestų mokyklose, žemiausių – mokyklose, įsikūrusiose mažiau nei 3 tūkst. gyventojų turinčiose vietovėse. Aukščiausių ir žemiausių vidutinių rezultatų skirtumas – 39 taškai.
„Įvairūs tyrimai rodė mokinių pasiekimų atotrūkį, todėl ši Vyriausybė ėmėsi veiksmų kurti sąlygas, kad visi vaikai turėtų kuo geresnes ugdymosi galimybes, nepriklausomai nuo jų gyvenamosios vietos. Atsisakyta jungtinių klasių, pradėta Tūkstantmečio mokyklų programa, skiriamos valstybės lėšos privalomam ikimokykliniam ugdymui vaikams iš socialiai jautrių šeimų, kad jie turėtų lygias starto galimybes mokykloje“, – sako švietimo, mokslo ir sporto ministrės patarėja Agnė Liucilė Andriuškevičienė.
Apie tyrimą
PIRLS yra vienintelis tarptautinis tyrimas, sėkmingai surinkęs duomenis per COVID-19 pandemiją, įvertinęs 400 000 mokinių pasiekimus 65 šalyse.
„Didžiulės PIRLS 2021 šalių pastangos įveikė daugybę kliūčių, trukdžiusių atlikti vertinimą mokyklose pandemijos metu. Beveik pusė tyrime dalyvavusių mokinių lankė mokyklas, kuriose įprasta veikla buvo sutrikdyta aštuonias savaites ar ilgiau“, – sakė dr. Dirkas Hastedtas, IEA vykdomasis direktorius.
Tyrėjai konstatavo neigiamą pandemijos poveikį švietimui. Taip pat dar kartą patvirtinta tėvų įtaka skaitymo rezultatams. Vidutiniai skaitymo rezultatai buvo aukštesni tų ketvirtos klasės mokinių, kurie yra iš aukštesnės namų socialinės, ekonominės ir kultūrinės (SEK) aplinkos, kurių tėvai dažnai įtraukdavo juos į ankstyvojo kalbinio raštingumo ugdymo veiklas, o pradėję lankyti mokyklą jie galėjo puikiai atlikti ankstyvojo raštingumo užduotis. Tėvų pomėgis skaityti buvo susijęs su aukštesniais jų vaikų skaitymo pasiekimais.
PIRLS tyrimą atlieka Tarptautinė švietimo pasiekimų vertinimo asociacija (IEA). Tai nepriklausoma, tarptautinė nacionalinių mokslinių tyrimų institucijų, vyriausybių ir vyriausybinių tyrimų agentūrų, mokslininkų ir analitikų asociacija, siekianti tyrinėti, suprasti ir tobulinti švietimą pasaulyje. IEA atlieka plataus masto lyginamuosius tyrimus įvairiomis temomis, įskaitant matematiką, gamtos mokslus, skaitymą, pilietinį ir pilietiškumo ugdymą, kompiuterinį ir informacinį raštingumą, ankstyvąjį ugdymą ir mokytojų švietimą.
Daugiau informacijos: Tarptautinės švietimo pasiekimų vertinimo asociacijos (IEA) Generalinės asamblėjos narė dr. Rita Dukynaitė, el. p. [email protected], tel. +370 687 03481
Aktuali informacija skelbiama:
https://smsm.lrv.lt/lt/teisine-informacija-1/ti-tyrimai-ir-analizes/tarptautiniai-tyrimai-ir-apzvalgos/tarptautiniai-svietimo-tyrimai
https://timssandpirls.bc.edu/pirls2021/index.html
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